Printing Reproduction and Wider Access to Icons
During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, important changes took place in the fields of book printing, image reproduction, and distribution. These developments made religious...
Artistic Influences and Sources of Inspiration
Many scholars have studied the painters of the post-Byzantine period and their artistic influences. Research shows that these artists did not work in isolation....
The Transfer of Antiquities After the War
After the First World War and the Turkish War of Independence, major political and social changes took place in Anatolia. As a result of...
Post-Byzantine Art in Anatolia
The panel paintings discussed in this article come from post-Byzantine Anatolia. These works of art are important historical witnesses. They show the vitality and...
A Traditional Saying
The Turkish proverb quoted at the beginning says:
“Obstinacy belongs to the ignorant, quarrel to the foolish, silence to the intelligent, and law to the...
Identification of the Tower of Anemas
The identification of the Tower of Anemas has been an ongoing challenge, and various theories have been proposed to locate it. One such theory...
Additional Passages Relevant to the Discussion
There are two or three additional passages that relate to the current discussion, although they are somewhat vague and unclear. These passages provide some...
The Opinion of Sixteenth-Century Constantinople
In sixteenth-century Constantinople, a common opinion was that the Towers of Anemas were the Towers of the Pentapyrgion, which is the name given to...
Citizens Had a Duty to Build the Walls
In ancient Constantinople, the building and repair of the city’s walls was everyone’s responsibility. The law was very strict on this matter. No citizen...
Continued Growth of the Capital under Arcadius
The city of Constantinople kept growing under the rule of Emperor Arcadius. This rapid development soon made it necessary to expand the city’s boundaries...
